During a significant decision on Wednesday, European Parliament members voted by a margin of 355-247 to reserve food names such as "steak" and "schnitzel" solely for animal-derived foods.
If this proposal is implemented, popular vegetarian items like plant-based burgers, tofu steak, and vegetable schnitzel may have to change their names across EU countries.
However, before the ban to take effect, it must gain support from most of the EU's 27 countries, something that is uncertain.
Proponents argue that customers need transparent labeling and that traditional names should exclusively refer to products from livestock.
"An escalope or a sausage are products from animal farming: not synthetic production nor vegetable sources," said France's lawmaker the proposal's author.
Critics, including environmental lawmakers, described the move political maneuvering.
"Veggie burgers, wheat schnitzel and soy sausage don't mislead shoppers, just certain lawmakers," said Austrian Green MEP Thomas Waitz.
This isn't the first attempt to control these terminology. The European parliament voted down a similar prohibition in four years ago.
The French government earlier enacted a national ban on meat terms for vegetarian products in 2020, but EU courts ruled it illegal under European legislation in this year.
Leading Germany's supermarkets such as Aldi and Lidl oppose the proposal, warning that altering established terms would confuse shoppers.
Advocacy organizations cite research showing that the majority of shoppers comprehend these names as long as items are properly marked as vegetarian.
"Almost 70% of shoppers understand the terminology provided items are clearly marked plant-based," noted Irina Popescu, a consumer expert at BEUC.
The proposal now faces consideration by EU member states, and it needs to obtain majority approval to become law.
Given the mixed opinions within both lawmakers and the public, the future of the proposal is still unclear.
Elara is a tech enthusiast and writer with over a decade of experience in digital innovation and AI development.